Improved machine foe gutting teeth of file-blanks



@inittab giants atrnt ffice'.

HIRAM BASSETT NIGKERSON, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. l Letters -.Patent No. 70,458, dated November 5 1867.

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TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY COME:

Be it known that I, I-IIRAM BASSETT NIoKEnSoN, of Boston, of the county of Suolk, and State of Massa chusetts, have invented a new and useful Machine forCutting or Making the Teeth of File-Blanks and I do Y 'hereby declare the nature of the said'invention, and thc manner in which it is to bc performed or is constructed and operates, to be fully described in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part thereof, and of which; v

Figure 1 is a top View,

Figures 2 and 3 side elevations,

Figure 4 a rear elevation, and

Figure 5 a longitudinal and vertical section of In my said machine I have two cutters, and mechanisms for raising and depressing them.- alsovhave a file-blank supporting-carriage, and mechanism for imparting to it an intermittent motion in one direction, for-the purpose of enabling each of the cutters to form the indentures in the file-blank at their proper distances'asunder. I also have a mechanism for larresting the operation of one cutter and its depressing mechanism., and maintaining such out of action, while the other cutter and its operative mechanism may be at work'to produce the balance of the cuts to be made by such cutter in the {ile-blank. l

Furthermore, I have in such machine mechanism for gradually increasing the force of the blow of either hammer or its cutter-carrier, while the cutter thereof may be passing from thevthinn-est to the thickest, or from the narrower to the wider part or parts of the ile-blan Ialso have a peculiar mechanism for effecting the lxieeding movements Yof the file-blank carriage. The twov cutters are arranged so that the cuts made' by o ne in the blank shall be crossed by those made by the other, the same being to produce what are termed cross-cut or bastard files. l

In the drawings, A and B are the two cutters, the front one of which, viz, A, stands oblique or at .an angle with the other, land both are arranged over a carriage, C, supported on the-baseplate D of the frame, so as to be capable of being moved rect'i'linearly thereon in the direction of the length of the said carriage. Each cutter is fixed in one of two blocks or heads a a, eachof such heads being jointed'to one of two slides or carriers Z b in such manner as to be capable of rocking or turning laterally on a centre or centre-pin, and independently of a force-transmitter, c, aixed to the carrier, and extending down to the cutter-head in manner as represented in the drawings, and particularly in Figures 6-and 7, the first of such ures being a section of the cutter-head and force-transmitter, taken in a plane parallel with the front face of t e cutter-carrier.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken through the inner cutter, its hammer and thepoppet or standard for supporting the said carrier. l i A i The two cutter-carriers b 6 are sustained by and seas to be capable of being moved upward and downward in two standards E E', erected on the base-plate, and arranged thereon in manner as represented in the drawings, the file-blank carriage C being arranged between such standards. In rear ofthe twostandards E EI', and supported in boxes @Zd at the upper parts of two posts e e, erected on the base-plate, is a driving-shaft, F, which carries an eccentric, f, and four cams, g h z' .krthe shapes of such cams and eccentric being exhibited in the drawings. Each of the two inner cams h z' is for Ythe purpose of operating one of two levers ZZ, which have their fulcra projecting from the two standards E E', or from the sides of two buffers m m, and are connected by links n n to the carriers la b. Thus thesaid cams rz and the levers are for effecting the elevation of each of the said carriers and its cutter at the proper times with respect to the file-blank shown ato as placed on thecarriageC, and held down thereupon by a presser', G. The'said presser is hinged to one of the standards E E', and'pressed downward by alever-spring, P, whose rear arm is'placed in one of a seriesA of notches of a vertical rack, g, the

' whole being arranged asfrepresented in the drawings.

IThe two outer cams g 7c are for actuating or raising' two hammers H H, w-hose fulcro. r r are upheld bythe.

two standards E E. These hammers are to strike on the-upper ends of the two force-transmitters c. There is a spring, s, applied to each of the hammers and its standard, such spring being for effecting a depression of the hammer when relieved from its elevating-cam.

Underneath the base-plate D, and duly supported in bearings t t, is a screw-shaft, I, which is conned by a nut, K, extending from the file-blank carriage C, such nut being formed in two parts or jaws, as shown at un in Figure 8, and hinged together, and provided with a catch, n, for holding them in connection with thescrewshaft. The said nut extends down through a slot, nl, made in the base-platc.

A ratchet, rc, isxed on the rear end of the screw-shaft, and engages-with two pawls y z, arranged with respect to it in manner as shown in iig. 4. These pawls are supported on pins projecting from two rocker-levers or plates a b', which turn on the screw-shaft, and are connected to two other levers, cf, by two connection rods c e'. From one ofthe levers ef a stud, g2, extends into a slot, h', made in the other, the same being as shown in fig. 4. The two level-shave their fulcra i t" projecting from the base-plate, and there is jointed to the shorter arm of the longer lever a rod, k2, which extends from a hoop or annulus, Z', encompassing the eccentric f. During each revolution of the said eccentric the two pawls will be caused to act successively upon the ratchet so as to partially revolve it, one pawl running'ovcr it while the other may be running it.

A movement of the carriage C will thus be produced preparatory .to each blow of cach hammer, tending to depress the cutter of such hammer. Against one side of the carriage C a pattern-guide, m', is fixed. A stud, n', extended from a forked lever, o', bears against the lower edge of the guide m', such edge corresponding in shape with the curve or tiper of the upper surface of the file-blank. The fulerum of the forked lever is supported by thc adjacent standard E', and the fork of the lever receives a projection, p', from a sliding wedge `or cam, q', on whose inclined upper surface rests the lower end of the shank r of a buffer, m. VThis buffer is arranged directly underneath the shank of the hammer H, the shank ofthe buffer extending vertically through the standard and resting upon the wedge q. As the iile-blank carriage C may advance, the buffer will be grad ually lowered so as to increase the force of the blow of the hammer, while the cutter may bc forming the indentatiens of the tapering portion of the iile, and be passing from the thinnest to the'thickest part of such portion.t

This `last-described mechanism for iicreasing the force of the blow of the hammer is to be applied to cach hammer, although in the drawings itis exhibited as applied to one, and but partially to the other. As the width of the file at its c nd is generally less than the width at or near the middle, and as thc width gradually increases from each end to the middle of the iile, it will be seen that were the blows on the cutter to be alike, the depth of the cuts at the end would be greater than at the middle of the file; therefore, by increasing the force of the blow of the hammer, as the cutter-may be passing from the narrowest to the widest part el' `the ille, we insure cvenness of depth of cut.

The next part of the machine to be described is the mechanism for arresting the' operation of one cutter and its depressing mechanism or hammer, and maintaining such out of action, while the other cutter and its operative mechanism may be at work to produce the balance of the cuts to be made by such second cutter. After one cutter may have effected its series of cuts, the other Vhas to be kept in operation to complete the series of crosscuts to be made by it.,l

Against the side of the carriage is a cam-baur?, which operates with a bent lever, s', connected with another such lever, t', by a rod, u. The lever t' is connected with the longer arm of a third lever, c', by a connectingrod, w', to which and the adjacent standard a spring, as', is fastened, the purpose of the spring being to raise the rod so as to turn the latch-lever v on its fulcrum, in order to cause the smaller arm of the said lever to pass underneath the hammer-shank, and hold the hammer up out of action upon its force-transmitter. A spring, y',

is arranged on the base-plate, and underneath thc'longer arm of the bent lever s', the whole being as represented in the drawings. When the carriage may have attained its proper .position for the stoppage of action of the cutter, the tail of this lever s will pass ofi' the cam-bar so aste allow the spring x' to raise the rod w', so as to lower the latch-lever on its fulcrum, and in a manner to cause thesmaller arm of such latch-,lever to pass underneath the hammer-shank, and hold the hammer out of action upon its force-transmitter. .After full retraction of the carriage C, so as to draw the cam-bar out of action upon the lever s', the tail of such lever will be caused to ily upward, so as to allow the cam-bar, when the carriage C is next advanced, to pass underneath and raise the tail of the lever s', and thereby cause the latch-lever v to be moved from underneath the hammer-shank, in order that the hammer may again fall upon the force-transmitter, and again go into operation. j

Although I have shown the last-described mechanism as applied to but one of the standards and its l1ammer, it is to be borne in mind that a similarl mechanism for the same purpose is to be applied to the other standard and its hammer.

Having thus described my said machine, what I claim therein as of my invention is as follows:

I claim the'combinatiou as well as the arrangement ofthe two cutters A andvB, provided with mechanisms for raising and depressing them, as specified, with the {ile-supporting carriage C,`having mechanism for imparting to it an intermittent motion in one direction, substantially as and for the purpose hcreinbeforc explained.

And I also claim the combination of such, and mechanism substantially as described, or its equivalent, for arresting the operation of a cutter and its depressing mechanism or hammer, and maintaining such out of ac tion preparatory to and while the other cutter and its operative mechanism may be at work, to produce the balance of the cuts te be made by such cutter last mentioned, the said additional mechanism being the cam-bar r2, the

levers s t', the rod u', latch-lever c, connecting-rod w', and springs z" and y.

I also claim the combination of parts constituting such additional mechanism.

And in combination with the file-supporting carriage C, itsperative mechanism, and the two cutters A B, provided with mechanism for effecting their elevations and depressions, I claim mechanism substantially as described, or its equivalent, for gradually increasing the force of the blow of a hammer while the cutt'cr thereof may be passing from the narrower to the wider parts of the le-blanks, as explained, such last-mentioned mechanismbeing the pattern-guide m', stud a', forked lever o', projection p, wedge q', and butler m, arranged as explained.

I also claim the comnination of the guide m', stud n', forked lever o-, projection p', wedge g', and buffer m, the Whole 'being forthe purpose as explained. 'i 5 Andin combination with the {ile-supporting carriage C, its operative meclmltaisails,- andthe two cutters A B, uml their mechanisms for effecting their proper elevoftions and depressions, I'claim thevspring-presser or its equivalent'.

I also claim the combination of the self-adjusting cutter-head 1 with the'carrier-slide b and the forectrzmsmitter c, applied to the carrier as set forth v I also claim the combination or mechanism for operating the feeding-screwyslch consisting of the ratchet as, the pawlsg/ z, rockerllevers a b', levers ef, and rodsofc, rod k2, hoop l', and eccentricvf,A arrangcd,con

structed, and applied together so as to operate as specified.

' H. B. NICKERSON.

Witnesses:

R. EL EDDY, F. P. HALE, Jr 

